The final step in the U.S. citizenship process is the naturalization interview and civics test — a moment that can feel both exciting and nerve-wracking. In 2025, USCIS continues to require applicants to demonstrate English proficiency and knowledge of U.S. history and government.
But don’t worry — with the right preparation, most applicants pass easily.
This guide covers how to prepare for and pass the naturalization interview and civics test, including what to expect, how to study, and tips for success.
1. What Is the Naturalization Interview?
After submitting your Form N-400 and attending your biometrics appointment, USCIS will schedule you for an interview. The officer will:
- Review your N-400 application
- Ask questions about your background and travel history
- Verify your eligibility
- Conduct the English language test and civics test
The entire interview typically takes 20–30 minutes.
2. What Is the Civics Test?
You’ll be asked up to 10 questions from a list of 100 possible questions about U.S. history, government, and civics.
To pass:
- You must answer 6 out of 10 questions correctly
- You’ll be asked orally (not written)
The test covers:
- U.S. Constitution
- Founding Fathers
- Branches of government
- Presidents and wars
- Geography, states, and symbols
USCIS provides the full list of questions and answers at uscis.gov/citizenship.
3. What Is the English Language Test?
There are three parts:
- Speaking: The officer will assess your ability to understand and answer questions in English during the interview
- Reading: You’ll read one of three sentences correctly aloud
- Writing: You’ll write one of three sentences correctly as dictated by the officer
4. Are There Exceptions?
You may qualify for an exemption from the English or civics test if:
- You’re age 50+ and have held a green card for 20+ years (50/20 rule)
- You’re age 55+ and held a green card for 15+ years (55/15 rule)
- You have a documented physical or developmental disability (requires Form N-648)
5. How to Prepare for the Civics Test
- Download the official USCIS 100 questions list
- Use USCIS flashcards, audio files, or the USCIS mobile app
- Practice with online quizzes and YouTube study videos
- Focus on understanding, not just memorizing
- Practice saying answers out loud in English
Pro tip: Study local information like your state governor, U.S. Senators, and Representative, as these vary by location.
6. Tips for the Interview Day
- Arrive early with your appointment letter and green card
- Bring required documents: passport, green card, state ID, travel documents, tax records, etc.
- Dress neatly and stay calm
- Speak clearly and ask the officer to repeat questions if needed
- Don’t guess — say “I don’t know” if unsure
7. What Happens After the Interview?
You may receive:
- Immediate approval (Form N-652 with “Congratulations”)
- A continued notice if USCIS needs more information
- A denial, in rare cases
If approved, you’ll receive a notice for your oath ceremony (usually within a few weeks).
The naturalization interview and civics test are manageable with preparation. Don’t let fear hold you back — most people pass on the first try.
Study regularly, practice answering questions aloud, and go into your interview confident and ready.
Citizenship is a major milestone — and with the right effort, it’s well within reach.
